PFEC Services & Products

Construction Equipment

PFEC provides fabrication and piping & instrumentation drawings for new code and non-code vessels to meet our clients’ needs. We offer many standard sizes as well as custom specifications.


PFEC can also remanufacture field grade equipment back to “new” specifications. This can be done with your existing vessel or one of our own. We stock a variety of sizes of equipment either “new” or “remanufactured”.


A certified ASME fabricator/remanufacturer and National Board Certified - PFEC's goals are to provide our clients quality equipment in a professional manner, on schedule and within budget to meet your needs.





Construction Equipment

Products


BTEX

The PFEC BTEX Eliminator is designed to condense the emissions from the still column of glycol dehydrators. The hot vapors are routed through the heat exchanger, reducing the temperature and volume of the steam and hydrocarbons produced by the dehydration process. The liquids condensed are routed by gravity into a small tank placed at the base of the condenser. The tank dumps these liquids automatically and must be connected to a holding tank. The vapors remaining uncondensed are routed through a separation and filtering media, then to either the main burner of the dehydrator or to the exhaust stack. All V.O.C.’s are either condensed into liquids which may be separated and sold, or are burned.





Construction Equipment

Coalescing Gas Separator/Filter Separator

Coalescing gas separators are typically utilized upstream and downstream of dehydration units, pipelines and compressors. Coalescing filter separators remove mist, fogs, compressor oil and dust from gas streams. They typically remove up to 100% of all particles larger than 2 microns and 99% of those less than ½ micron.

PFEC manufacturers both horizontal and vertical coalescing filter separators and offers engineering design expertise to fit your application.

To properly size your separator we ask for the following design requirements:





JT Plants

JT plants consist of a gas to gas heat exchanger with hot gas bypass, cold separator, pilot operated JT valve and methanol injection system, complete with an instrumentation control package. PFEC’s J.T. plants are all skid mounted with interconnecting piping and instrumentation for quick and easy field installations. PFEC’s J.T. packages are fabricated to treat gas streams from 2 to 40 MMSCFD.






Plants Plants

Separators

Separators are manufactured in two basic shapes – vertical and horizontal. Each has specific advantages and the selection is usually based on which will accomplish the desired results at the lowest cost.

Horizontal high and Low pressure oil-gas separator

The horizontal separator has several different advantages particular to this type of construction. The horizontal separator is easier to skid mount, less piping is required for field hook-up and a smaller diameter is required for a given gas capacity. This type of vessel also has a larger interface area between the liquid and gas phases which aids in separation. When gas capacity is a design criteria the horizontal vessel is more economical in high pressure separators due to the increased wall thickness required with larger diameters.

However, the liquid level control placement is more critical than in a vertical separator and the surge space is somewhat limited.

Three phase oil-gas water separation can be easily accomplished in any type of separator by installing special internal baffling or by use of an interface liquid level control.

Vertical high and low pressure oil-gas separator

The vertical separator has the advantage that it will handle greater slugs of liquid without carry over to the gas outlet and greater vertical distance between the liquid level and the gas outlet. There is less tendency to revaporize the liquid into the gas phase. Some disadvantages are that it is more difficult and expensive to fabricate and ship this type of separator in skid mounted assemblies and it takes a larger diameter separator for given gas capacity then a horizontal vessel. From this it can be seen that this type of separator is most often used on fluid streams with low gas-oil ratios. In other words, handling considerably more liquid than gas.

PFEC offers horizontal and vertical high or low pressure separators on a wide variety of sizes, either new or remanufactured.







Plants

Indirect Line Heater

Water bath indirect heaters have a long history of successful application in the oil and gas industry. They have been applied to a variety of operations ranging from the heating of natural gas to the heating of sour crude. The heater consists of three basic elements – the firebox, shell and flow coil. These elements are carefully designed for each standard size. The firebox is designed to rapidly transfer the heat released by the burning fuel to the water bath. The flow coil is designed to safely contain the process fluid and transfer the required heat from the water bath to the process streams. A variety of coils is available for each firebox size, to allow a selection for the most economical and efficient combination.





Emulsion Treaters (Heater Treater)

PFEC’s Emulsion Treaters are a designed line of especially rugged, economical, vertical treaters designed to give maximum performance in treating loose to moderate emulsions where the coalescing properties of a filter section are not required.

How It Works

The well stream mixture of oil, emulsion, water, and gas enter the gas separation section at the top of the treater. The inlet diverter deflects the liquid outward against the treater shell and causes it to spread in a thin film so both free gas and solution gas are released quickly. The oil, water, and emulsion are collected on the diaphragm plate and they then flow through the downcomer pipe to the spreader underneath the firebox. The free-water separates from the oil and is discharged from the treater bottom section through the outside adjustable siphon. The oil and emulsion is broken into small streamlets by the perforated tray spreader and moves up through the hot water section surrounding the firebox. This action breaks the larger part of the emulsion. The water released settles to the bottom of the treater where it is discharged with the free water. The final traces of water are separated by gravity in the settling section. The treated oil exits the treater through the oil outlet at the top of the settling section and passes through the oil valve to the storage tank.

Warm vapors from the settling section enter the gas separation section through the equalizer pipe and mix with the cool inlet wellstream gas. This causes condensation of valuable heavier fractions in the gas which are recovered in the oil. In some treaters, the gas also passes through a vane demister where entrained large liquid droplets are removed and returned to the oil.





Freewater Knockouts

PFEC manufactures a line of special vessels, which are called Freewater Knockouts. A Freewater Knockout is either a vertical or horizontal vessel, which removes a dispersed phase from a continuous phase. The degree of separation depends upon:

  1. 1. The available retention time.
  2. 2. The density differential between the two fluids (larger differential means better separation)
  3. 3. The operating temperature of the flowing fluids.
  4. 4. The presence or absence of slugging flow.
  5. 5. Interfacial area available for separation.

Freewater Knockouts are total liquid knockouts and generally do not have mist extractors. They can be used only on streams where water and oil exist separately and not as an emulsion. The gas phase is re-combined with the oil phase and the water phase is dumped to a wastewater disposal unit. These units are always used in conjunction with other equipment. If the oil phase is not re-combined with the gas and thereby discharged separately the vessel is not a freewater knockout but a three-phase separator.

After leaving the first stage separator‚ the high pressure liquid portion of the produced fluid stream is directed towards the FWKO pressure vessel. This long‚ horizontal vessel is used to separate free water from degassed crude oil and crude oil-water emulsions‚ due to the differences in the densities of these mediums. Depending on the distance to this device‚ which is normally located at the Central Processing Facility‚ pumping may be required to boost the liquid to the inlet connection of this vessel. As the liquid enters the vessel the design residence time allows a large portion of the water to separate from the crude‚ collecting in the lower portion of the vessel. The captured water is dumped away for ultimate re-use in water flooding re-injection.




Construction Equipment

Sand Seperators

Some wellstreams produce quantities of sand and sediment with the oil and gas. Unless the separator is designed to handle sand, the outlet liquid connections, bottom of the separator, and other connections in the liquid section will become plugged with sand and the separator will become inoperative. Cone bottoms are installed in vertical separators with sand jets so the sand can periodically be stirred and dumped.

Design Conditions Required


Sand separators are an integral part in protecting downstream production equipment from well-formation sand and/or frac sand. PFEC offers new and remanufactured vessels in various sizes and pressure ratings. Our sand separators are designed for stationary applications and/or mounted on transportable L- type skids.




Gas Measurement

PFEC carries a full range of new and remanufactured simplex and senior gas metering equipment. From standalone metering tube to skid-mounted housed metering stations.PFEC can meet any gas transmission specification required. Chart-recorders to computerized telemetry is available.




Vent Scrubber

PFEC’s Vertical 2-Phase Vent Scrubbers are designed to handle gas and liquids in applications where it is essential to remove liquid in the gas prior to the gas being vented or flared to atmosphere.

The first section of the separation process is the portion of the vessel around the inlet where the energy of the entering well-stream is dissipated. This section is used to make the initial separation of liquid from gas using deflectors or impingement baffles. The bulk of the liquid is diverted to the liquid accumulation section. The large liquid droplets immediately start falling as a result of gravitational force. The next section is immediately beyond the inlet deflector, between the liquid accumulation section and the gas outlet, and is called the secondary separation section. In this section the velocity of the gas and liquid is reduced because of the increased cross-sectional area. This allows the liquid particles to begin falling toward the liquid accumulation section as a result of gravitational force on the mass of the liquid particle. Vent scrubbers are designed to remove liquid particles to a size of 400-600 microns and, generally, do not include a mist eliminator section. The last section is the area where the collected liquid from the primary separation section, the secondary separation section and the mist extractor can be held for a short period of time and then sent to storage.



Glycol Dehydration

The dehydration of natural gas is defined as the removal of the water that is associated with the natural gas in the vapor form. It has long been recognized that the dehydration of natural gases is necessary to ensure efficient operation of gas transmission lines. The removal of the water vapor prevents the formation of gas hydrates and reduces corrosion in the pipelines. It also improves the efficiency of the pipelines by reducing liquid accumulations at low spots in the lines.

One of the most popular methods of dehydration of natural gas now I use is an absorption process employing diethylene or triethylene glycol as the dessicant. Triethylene glycol has a high affinity for water vapor that is to be removed from the natural gas stream and also has other desirable properties such as non-corrosiveness, easy to regenerate and chemical losses are generally low.


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